A global review in Lancet Public Health finds climate change has lengthened the hay fever season by roughly one to two weeks, with pollen from common European trees pollinating earlier (2015ā2024 vs 1991ā2000), potentially increasing symptom severity. The shift threatens quality of life for millions, causing missed work or school, sleep disruption, and heightened risk of asthma or COPD flareāups. While there is no cure, a multiāpronged management approachāoverātheācounter meds, avoidance strategies, and occasional immunotherapy for the worst casesācan mitigate symptoms. The outlook depends on further research into pollen load and broader access to allergy services. Experts urge proactive, layered care and continued monitoring of climate impacts on pollen levels.
Dive Deeper:
The study involved 65 scientists and was published in Lancet Public Health, examining birch, alder and olive trees to assess changes in pollination timing.
Pollination started one to two weeks earlier between 2015ā2024 than in 1991ā2000, indicating an earlier and potentially longer pollen season across northern and southern Europe.
Early summer warm, dry conditions in the UK have created ideal circumstances for birch pollen, described as a 'pollen bomb' that elevates exposure for hay fever sufferers.
Impacts include reduced quality of life, missed work, disturbed sleep, and in young people, potential declines in exam performance; pollen also aggravates asthma and other respiratory conditions.
A layered treatment approach is recommended: non-drowsy antihistamines, a longāacting nasal steroid spray, and eye drops, all available OTC and advised by pharmacists.
Preventive measures emphasize hygiene (showering and changing clothes after outdoor activities), sunglasses or masks, and regular home cleaning; pet fur can carry pollen, and car ventilation pollen filters are advised.
For most, overātheācounter remedies suffice, but a subset may need specialist allergy services or immunotherapy, though access and awareness among GPs vary and can delay care.